Abstract
This paper examines the bronze Buddha mold that was excavated from the western pagoda of Hwaŏm temple 華嚴寺. The research centers on the mold’s date of production, its function, and the reason it was enshrined in the Hwaŏmsa pagoda. The pagoda itself was constructed in the ninth century and is considered to be a Dharani pagoda because Wugoujingguang datuoluonijing (無垢淨光大陀羅尼經, The Great Dharani Sūtra) is enshrined within the structure. The act of placing the Buddhist scriptures in the pagoda was to benefit the structure’s benefactors by absolving them of their sins and granting blessings in their afterlives for their meritorious deeds. Of all the dhāraṇī, Wugoujingguang datuoluonijing is the most detailed and particularly emphasizes the act of repetition. The clarity and simplicity of its instructions made it especially popular in eighth-to-ninth-century Korea. The Hwaŏmsa Buddha mold was one of the tools used in the ritual described by Wugoujingguang datuoluonijing. Considering the sūtra’s insistence on repetition and replication, the mold was a very suitable implement. The use of inexpensive clay also allowed for the mass production of Buddha images that any individual could commission at little cost. Furthermore, this method of producing Buddha images made it easy for the temple to attract followers and thus raise funding for the construction of the pagoda. The clay Buddhas themselves were small, making it possible for one to keep the image on his person and carry it wherever he went. Ultimately, these actions were meant to bring the individuals closer to Buddha and his world.
Highlights
In 1995, a bronze mold was excavated from the western five-story stone pagoda of Hwaŏm temple華嚴寺 located in Chirisan mountain 智異山 of Chŏllanamdo 全羅南道, South Korea.1 The bronze mold was an implement that was used in the production of Buddha images
Century Buddha images, and its presence indicates that production of the Hwaŏmsa mold cannot be as well as an invitation to stay at the temple, after which he never returned to Silla
The Chinese idea of employing clay Buddhas was a capable solution to the difficulties of producing Buddha images in large quantities—a challenge ninth-century Hwaŏmsa was able to overcome by using molds
Summary
In 1995, a bronze mold was excavated from the western five-story stone pagoda of Hwaŏm temple. Central to the design is a seated Buddha holding his hands in Dharmacakra-mudrā 轉法輪印 (turning the Wheel of Dharma, a teaching gesture) who is. The western five-story stone pagoda of Hwaŏm temple was previously designated as Treasure no. Central to the design is a seated Buddha holding his hands in Dharmacakra-mudrā 轉法輪印 A closer inspection reveals a marked depth to the incision of the design that suggests intended for use on paper. The mold was excavated from the base of the pagoda structure rather than the body, where its findspot. The mold was excavated from the base of the pagoda structure rather than the body,
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