BUDAYA BAHARI DAM TRADISI NELAYAN DI INDONESIA

Abstract

There are at least five phenomena which mark complexity of maritime culture and fisherman tradition in Indonesia; social group of maritime society, development of economic sectors concerning sea products, social hierarchy in daily maritime activities, relationship between elements of maritime culture and life sectors of society, and continuation and alteration of maritime culture's elements. In order to acquire a deep study on complexity of maritime there are several concepts used in this paper: Koentjaraningrat's concept of three forms of culture, Sanjek's concept of the dynamic culture and creation, and Vadya's concept of contextual progressive explanatory method. The forms of maritime culture include system of belief, institution, and production technology. Meanwhile, dynamics of maritime culture and fisherman tradition is determined not only by internal factors but also external forces, such as, innovation on technology, government policy, university interventions, nongovernmental organizations, donor institution, and regional, national, and even global market. Apparently, those external forces have brought negative impacts on life of maritime society, marked by decrease of economic prosperity, natural resources and sea environment. The negative impacts can be avoided by applying community-based management in development of maritime culture