Abstract
Isolated needles of Picea abies L., Karst. were induced to form adventitious bud primordia when cultured on media containing a relatively high cytokinin: auxin ratio. In order to receive a high frequency of needles forming bud primordia it was necessary to collect the needles from buds just after flushing. Short needles (1–3 mm) more readily formed bud primordia than long needles (3–5 mm). Development of primordia into buds occurred when needles bearing primordia were transferred to media either lacking growth substances or with a reduced level. A higher yield of buds was obtained if the needles were incubated at lower temperature (10–16°C) for the first days after isolation and then transferred to 20°C. Buds with 3–5 mm-long needles were excised from the initial tissue and planted individually on culture media.
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