Abstract
The genesis and properties of bubbles are discussed, with ceramic examples selected from aqueous suspensions and pastes, dried bodies, molten and congealed glasses, glazes and vitreous bonds, natural and synthetic crystalline materials, and fluidized beds. Bubbles influence ceramic behavior before, during and after firing, sometimes desirably, but often adversely. Most develop by heterogeneous nucleation or by the entrapment of gases. Their expansion and mobility, or the mobility of their surfaces, induce flow in ambient liquids which may, for instance, accelerate the corrosion of refractories or produce glaze defects. Corrosion is accelerated also by the enhanced chemical reactivity and material transport at bubble surfaces.
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