Abstract
Focused ultrasound combined with microbubbles (FUS + MB) provides a noninvasive and spatially targeted approach for inducing blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Revealing the interactions among ultrasound, bubbles, and blood vessels is fundamental toward understanding this technique's physical mechanism. These interactions in the brain induce various bioeffects, including BBB disruption. FUS + MB-induced BBB disruption enables two-way trafficking between the brain and the bloodstream. While circulating agents can enter the brain through FUS-mediated BBB disruption for the treatment of brain diseases, brain disease-derived biomarkers (e.g., DNA, RNA, and protein) can also be released into the blood circulation to improve the sensitivity of blood-based liquid biopsy. The application of FUS + MB in brain drug delivery has been translated into the clinic with more than 20 clinical trials currently ongoing. The application of FUS + MB for blood-based liquid biopsy, called sonobiopsy, has been demonstrated feasible for the diagnosis of brain cancer. This talk will cover topics ranging from the fundamental physics of bubble-vessel interactions to their applications in the diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases.
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