BSDP: Blockchain-Based Smart Parking for Digital-Twin Empowered Vehicular Sensing Networks With Privacy Protection

Abstract

The popularity of vehicles brings parking issues, especially in the downtown area. To tackle these issues, the concept of smart parking is presented, which utilizes IIoT devices and Vehicular Sensor Networks (VSNs) to monitor the available parking spaces and nearby traffic conditions. Unfortunately, the centralized architecture of existing solutions cannot guarantee data reliability. Besides, some privacy issues still violate the VSN participants' sensitive information. We propose a novel <underline xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</u> lockchain-based <underline xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</u> mart parking scheme in <underline xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</u> igital-twin empowered VSNs with <underline xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</u> rivacy protection, named BSDP. In BSDP, the Digital Twin Network is introduced to monitor and predict traffic conditions nearby a parking lot. The blockchain and smart contract are utilized to achieve reliable data storage and correct parking response, respectively. Besides, the privacy of both driver and VSN participants can be protected. Experimental result shows that the proposed BSDP scheme achieves acceptable efficiency in resource-constrained vehicular networks.