Abstract
The article presents the results of study the dairy efficiency of Brown Swiss cattle in the Smolensk region depending on the homozygous and heterozygous state of marker genes EAB and EAF loci of blood groups. The research was carried out using standard immunogenetic and statistical methods with the use of proprietary reagents. It was found that with an increase in the dairy efficiency heifer in the population, the relative number of animals homozygous in the EAB locus decreases, and their lack is revealed. Heterozygous animals were superior to homozygous animals in milk yield for 305 days of first lactation. A group of cows homozygous for the BG3O1T1Y2E`3F`2G allele had increased dairy efficiency and homozygous for the recessive EAB locus allele had decreased dairy efficiency. Animals that were heterozygous for the F / V-locus of blood groups, in terms of milk yield for 305 days of first lactation (4849 kg), duration of productive use (over 13 lactations), and the amount of milk received during the entire productive life of a cow (26 452 -75 792 kg), were superior to analogues that were homozygous for this locus.
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