Brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae): morphology, biology, distribution and threats to agriculture in the Russian Federation (Analytical review)

Abstract

In Russia, larvae of the Marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys have been found in Sochi region for the first time (in August 2014). Its mass reproduction has begun in Sochi and Abkhazia in 2015. In some regions of Abkhazia and Georgia, the species damaged 50% and more of tangerine and hazelnut yield in 2016 and 2017. In 2017, the Marmorated stink bug has been collected in Krasnodar and some districts of Krasnodar Territory. Thus, H. halys spreads over the Krasnodar Territory at a speed of 100–150 km a year. The next few years, it can spread through the whole North Caucasus, to the Rostov Region, the South of Volgograd Region, as well as to neighboring countries Ukraine, Moldavia, Bulgaria, southern Poland, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Turkey. In Southern Russia, H. halys is most similar to Rhaphigaster nebulosa, but differs from the latter in a number of morphological characters. H. halys can have three generations a year in the Krasnodar Territory. Imago is a wintering stage. The species is a polyphytophage; its larvae can develop on plants of 49 families, but the Rosaceae family is preferred. At present, only chemical method is effective for the pest control.