Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction by instillation of fibrinogen and thrombin in COPD patients with homogenous emphysema

Abstract

BackgroundThe new endobronchial therapy called biological lung volume reduction (BioLVR) involves using a rapid polymerizing sealant to block off the most emphysematous portions of the lungs. The primary mechanism of action is resorption atelectasis, which is then followed by inflammation and remodeling of the airspace. The remodeling process will result in the formation of scars, leading to the contraction of the lung tissue. As a result, a decrease in functional lung volume is anticipated for a period of 6–8 weeks.ObjectiveAssessing the safety and effectiveness of bronchoscopic installation of (fibrinogen and thrombin) in COPD patients with homogeneous emphysema in terms of radiological, physiological, and quality of life outcomes.MethodsBetween December 2017 and December 2019, 40 COPD patients with homogeneous emphysema were studied using a fiber optic bronchoscope while they were awake but sedated. Tanta University Hospitals’ chest medicine department collaborated with the diagnostic radiology department of the Faculty of Medicine.ResultsAll the following parameters were reduced from their initial values: HRCT volumetry, RV/TLC, mMRC dyspnea scale, CAT score, 6MWT, FEV1, and the FEV1/FVC ratio at the first, third, and sixth months from the beginning (p = 0.001). One individual (0.025%) had pneumonia, whereas three individuals had COPD (0.075%). Using fibrin glue produced locally, biological lung volume reduction (Bio LVR) may be an effective treatment for advanced homogenous emphysema.ConclusionBy using locally prepared fibrin glue the biologic lung volume reduction (Bio LVR) may be a convenient method to treat advanced homogenous emphysema.