Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in children of the Amur region: the structure of the disease

Abstract

Aim. Analysis of the structure of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in children of the Amur region at the stage of medical care in outpatient and inpatient conditions of the Research Institute of MCP for the period from 20102021.Materials and methods. The study used a retrospective analysis of outpatient records and medical histories of 146 patients with BPD aged from 1 month to 13 years.Results. Among children with BPD, boys accounted for 56.6%, girls 44.3%. Preterm infants accounted for 84.9%, full-term babies – 15.1%. The classic form of the disease was diagnosed in 56% of children, the new form – in 44%. Since 2013, there has been a decrease in the frequency of occurrence of the classical form (in 2011 – 100%, in 2021 – 0%). The opposite pattern is typical for the new form (in 2010 – 14.3%, in 2021 − 100%). Since 2018, there has been a tendency for the new form to prevail over the classical form. Concomitant pathology of the respiratory system was diagnosed in 40.2% of patients (5.03% of them were malformations, stridor – 33.3%, their combination – 1.9%), and pathology of the cardiovascular system in 3.8% of cases.Conclusion. The assessment and dynamics of the structure of BPD disease in the Amur region at the present stage is presented. We report the predominance of a new form of BPD over the classical one. The study noted the frequency of concomitant pathology on the part of the respiratory and circulatory systems in children with BPD. The identified features will be used to search for risk factors for the development and prognosis of this pathology.