Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness and Quality of Life in Asthmatics

Abstract

Background: Quality of Life (QoL) measurements are more responsive to clinically significant changes that are not evaluated by conventional clinical measures. Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and QoL in asthmatic patients. Patients and Methods: 394 patients underwent clinical follow-up, pulmonary function tests and the methacholine challenge test (MCHt), and completed the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ). Results: 200 patients had a positive MCHt and in 194 it was negative. For all 32 items, asthmatic patients had a median value of 4.7 (4.2–5.9) compared to 5.6 (4.7–6.3) in patients with negative MCHt (p < 0.01). For physical activities, patients with positive MCHt showed a median value of 5.0 (4.5–6.0) compared to 5.7 (4.8–6.3) in patients with negative MCHt (p < 0.05). Median scores of 12 items of symptoms and 5 items of emotions were significantly lower in patients with positive MCHt [4.5 (3.7–5.8) and 5.1 (4.2–6.1)] than in patients with negative MCHt [5.5 (4.4–6.1) and 6.3 (5.2–6.9), respectively, (p < 0.01)]. For items of environmental stimuli the median score was 4.7 (3.7–5.9) in patients with positive MCHt, being significantly lower than in patients with negative MCHt [5.4 (4.2–6.4), p < 0.05]. Patients with positive MCHt had lower values of QoL than patients with negative MCHt. Conclusions: QoL changes may be more sensitive than evaluation of BHR. The measurement of Qol may be important because it enables us to characterize patients who could be candidates eventually to a pharmacological treatment for BHR because they have an impaired QoL.