Abstract
We consider the Gutzwiller-projected Hofstadter-Slater determinant as a resonating-valence-bond wave function in a (2+1)-dimensional antiferromagnet. A strong case is made that spinons in the spin liquid state obey (1/2 statistics when a mass gap is present. We arrive at this conclusion from an effective continuum limit gauge theory. When a mass gap opens up, the parity symmetry is spontaneously broken resulting in twofold degeneracy of the ground state. The picture is consistent with that of the fractional quantum Hall state advocated by Laughlin.
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