Abstract
Broken Hill ore deposition occurred during the highest geothermal gradient coeval with an event of bimodal basic-rhydacitic volcanism. The depositional environment is interpreted as an ensialic rift on the basis of the sedimentary facies, ferro- and low-K tholeiitic basalts, and bimodal basic-calc alkaline (rhyolite, rhyodacite) volcanism. The orebody is of unusual composition characterised by abundant carbonate, fluorite and fluorapatite, abundant LIL-, K- and Rb-rich premetamorphic alteration assemblages, primordial S and Pb isotopic values, Sr isotopes possibly indicating a heterogeneous source, S : Se in the magmatic range, and zoning suggestive of cooling of the ore fluid.
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