Broccoli Nutrition and Changes of Soil Solution with Green Manure and Mineral Fertilization

Abstract

The crop response and characteristics of soil solution (SS) change depending on the dose and fertilizer type used. This research determined the growth and yield of the broccoli and changes of the SS to identify the effect of the dose and fertilizer type used for the crop nutrition. Mineral fertilizer (MF) in 200% of the recommended dose (MF200), 10 t ha−1 of the green manure velvet bean (GM10), MF similar to that supplied with GM10 (MF=GM10), GM10 + MF to supply a dose similar to that applied with MF200 (GM10+MF=MF200), and a control treatment were applied to broccoli. GM10 promoted growth, yield, and dry matter (DM) similar to the control but promoted less electrical conductivity (EC) in SS in the first 21 days after transplanting (TF21DAT). Less yield, harvest index (HI), DM, accumulation of nutrients, recovery efficiency (RE) of Ca and Mg, EC, and macronutrient concentration of SS in TF21DAT were obtained with GM10 compared with MF=GM10. The GM10+MF=MF200 promoted less accumulation of N, P, and Mg and EC in the SS in TF21DAT compared with MF200. A negative correlation was observed between the canopy area with the EC and concentration of N, K, Ca, Mg, and S of the SS. The GM10 did not alter the growth, yield, and DM of broccoli. Higher yield, DM, and RE were obtained with MF=GM10 compared with GM10. The combined fertilization allowed to obtain similar growth, yield, DM, and RE to the obtained with MF200. The characteristics of SS changed depending on fertilization dose, fertilizer type, and broccoli growth.