Abstract
A novel concept of multibeam antenna arrays operating in an octave frequency band has been presented. To achieve multiple beams in such a wide bandwidth N-element antenna arrays are fed by frequency-dependent Butler matrices which smoothly change their properties across the bandwidth. The proposed Butler matrices are designed in such a way that for the selected inputs their amplitude and differential phase characteristics feature the ones obtained for $N \times N$ Butler matrices at $f_{0}$ , whereas at $2f_{0}$ they feature the properties of $N/2 \times N/2$ Butler matrices. The proposed concept has been verified by measurements of a multibeam antenna array operating in 1.75–3.5 GHz frequency range and extended showing the possibility of designing antenna arrays with higher number of beams.
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