Abstract
A novel realization of a broadband $8 \times 8$ Butler matrix having phase progressions 0°, ±45°, ±90°, ±135°, and 180° has been proposed. The presented network is composed of coupled-line 3-dB/90° directional couplers and Schiffman phase shifters that ensure its broadband amplitude and phase characteristics. The proposed solution allows for a fully planar realization without any interlayer connections, which has been achieved by both rearrangement of the matrix layout and realization of the selected crossovers as tandem connections of quadrature directional couplers. The proposed concept has been verified experimentally by the design of a Butler matrix operating within 2.5–3.5 GHz and applied in a multibeam antenna array with broadside beam.
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