Abstract
Recent exploration in synthetic frequency lattices has re-formed the methods of manipulating the light spectrum by analogizing the diffraction management in real space, which can be created by employing electro-optic modulation (EOM) in dielectric waveguides or ring resonators. In the presence of effective gauge potential, that is, the accumulated phase of mode transfer between adjacent lattice sites, the frequency spectrum of incident light can be flexibly tailored. However, the finite bandwidth and modulation depth of EOM vastly restrain the frequency shift and efficiency of mode transfer. Here we experimentally demonstrate that the synthetic frequency lattice can be created with the nonlinear process of four-wave-mixing Bragg scattering. The bandwidth of frequency manipulation is expanded up to terahertz and the frequency shift can be larger than 200 GHz. Furthermore, we can realize effects such as negative refraction and perfect imaging in frequency dimension by changing the effective gauge potentials. The study provides a powerful and promising approach to precisely control light frequency in broadband and may benefit all-optical modulation in optical telecommunication systems.
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