Abstract
Direction of arrival estimation is a crucial aspect of many active and passive systems, including radar and electronic warfare applications. Spread spectrum modulation schemes are becoming ever more common in both Radar and Communications systems; because such modulation spreads the signal energy in frequency and time, such sources prompt the need for new approaches for detection and location. Broadband antennas and their subsequent signal processing systems are expensive in terms of both cost and power consumption. This forces a limitation on the number of elements in a feasible real-world array. In this paper, a novel co-prime broadband MUSIC-based direction of arrival algorithm is presented. The main feature of the new method is that it aims to reduce the number of antenna elements for a given aperture by utilising a co-prime sensing scheme applied to the problem of broadband direction finding via the polynomial MUSIC algorithm. Comparative results using simulated data show that the proposed co-prime polynomial MUSIC has comparable performance to those obtained using a uniform linear array method with an equivalent physical aperture.
Highlights
Direction of arrival estimation and source localisation via sparse arrays has been a popular area of research over the past decade and has found its way into many applications, including radar [1]
The following simulations assess the performance of the proposed co-prime SSP-MUSIC algorithm to the conventional uniform linear array (ULA) SSP MUSIC algorithms that has the same physical aperture as the co-prime structure
All simulations are performed with seven uncorrelated sources illuminating the array, with uniformly spaced directions of arrival (DoA) and a received SNR of 10 dB
Summary
Direction of arrival estimation and source localisation via sparse arrays has been a popular area of research over the past decade and has found its way into many applications, including radar [1]. A sparse array can yield a similar performance to the uniform linear array (ULA) counterpart whilst using fewer sensors. This is especially important in wideband applications as close antenna spacing is important for ambiguity free direction of arrival estimation of high frequency sources, and a wider aperture is required for sufficient resolution of lower frequency sources. Since the virtual array is uniform and linear, the well-known spatial smoothing [5] [6] scheme was applied to effectively restore the rank of the virtual source covariance matrix. We utilise the extended co-prime array and the polynomial MUSIC algorithm to provide a super-resolution estimate of the spatio-spectrum. As a demonstration of the work presented in this paper, simulation results are provided in Section 6 to assess the performance of the algorithm
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