Abstract
The dynamics of macromolecular motions as coupled to proton migration in annealed Nafion® membranes was explored using broadband dielectric spectroscopy. These fundamental molecular processes are of interest at temperatures above 100o C; in particular, spectral changes were investigated in real-time at 140º C. Loss permittivity vs. frequency spectra of both β and α relaxations showed increased relaxation times with annealing and that water de-sorption was mainly responsible for these behaviors. Spectra were analyzed using the Havriliak-Negami equation and relaxation/conductivity parameters were obtained from equation fitting to experimental data to understand the nature and coupling of conduction and relaxations as annealing progressed in the instrument. A parameter N, reflecting the connectedness of charge hopping pathways, indicated tortuous random pathways. As N decreased with increased annealing time, the conductivity network appears to accumulate more charge traps.
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