Broad tuning of motion streak aftereffect reveals reciprocal gain interactions between orientation and motion neurons

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event Broad tuning of motion streak aftereffect reveals reciprocal gain interactions between orientation and motion neurons Matthew Tang1*, J. Edwin Dickinson1, Troy Visser1 and David Badcock1 1 The University of Western Australia, Psychology, Australia The extended integration time of neurons leads to fast-moving objects producing neural orientation cues along the axis of motion. The current model [Geisler, W.S. (1999). Motion streaks provide a spatial code for motion direction. Nature, 400(6739), 65-69] argues that these orientation cues resolve direction ambiguity arising from the aperture problem, where the small size of receptive fields of neurons in V1 leads to direction uncertainty for contours that extend beyond their borders, by combining spatial orientation and motion signals in V1. We provide a comprehensive test of this model using a visual aftereffect, where adapting to a static grating causes the perceived direction of a subsequently-presented motion stimuli to be tilted away from the adapting orientation. Critically, a much broader range of orientations produced aftereffects than predicted by the current model, suggesting that orientation cues enter the motion system later in the processing sequence. Following this, we found that varying the spatial frequency of the adaptor changed the aftereffect from repulsive in perceived orientation to attractive for motion but not form stimuli. This is inconsistent with Geisler's model as the orientation selective neurons in V1 are spatial-frequency selective and provides evidence that motion streaks enter at V5, as this area integrates across spatial frequencies. We lastly manipulated V1 excitability using transcranial direct current stimulation that reduced the aftereffect, suggesting that the orientation cue is dependent upon V1. We provide a new computational model that accurately predicts our results in which motion streaks are detected by orientation-selective V1 neurons that exert gain onto motion-selective V5 neurons. Our model provides a new mechanism for form and motion interactions, leading to a number of unique predictions. Additionally, the differential spatial frequency effect is a new finding and has implications for models of motion processing. Keywords: Computational modelling, tDCS, Tilt aftereffect, motion streaks, form-motion interactions Conference: XII International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON-XII), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 27 Jul - 31 Jul, 2014. Presentation Type: Poster Topic: Sensation and Perception Citation: Tang M, Dickinson J, Visser T and Badcock D (2015). Broad tuning of motion streak aftereffect reveals reciprocal gain interactions between orientation and motion neurons. Conference Abstract: XII International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON-XII). doi: 10.3389/conf.fnhum.2015.217.00348 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 19 Feb 2015; Published Online: 24 Apr 2015. * Correspondence: Mr. Matthew Tang, The University of Western Australia, Psychology, Crawley, Australia, matthew.tang@uwa.edu.au Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Matthew Tang J. Edwin Dickinson Troy Visser David Badcock Google Matthew Tang J. Edwin Dickinson Troy Visser David Badcock Google Scholar Matthew Tang J. Edwin Dickinson Troy Visser David Badcock PubMed Matthew Tang J. Edwin Dickinson Troy Visser David Badcock Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.