Abstract
There are few activated carbons that are capable of adsorbing both ionic and solvent dyes. In this paper, activated carbon was prepared from Chondrus crispus as a marine material by a high-temperature carbonization procedure for the first time. The Chondrus crispus activated carbon (CCAC) can effectively adsorb methylene blue (MB) as a cationic dye, methyl orange (MO) as an anionic dye, oil red O (ORO) as a solvent dye, and other eight dyes. The adsorption capacities for MB and MO in water, and ORO in n-hexane are 132.81, 49.48, and 33.17 mg g−1, respectively. CCAC was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, and zeta potential analysis. CCAC was proved to have a porous and gully structure with a specific surface area of 60.0687 m2 g−1. The effects of initial dye concentration, dosage, pH, contact time, and temperature on the adsorption were investigated. The adsorption kinetic data proved that the adsorption process accorded with pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption isotherms fit to both the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The broad-spectrum dye adsorption mechanism is attributed to the π-π interaction between CCAC and dye.
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