Abstract
We present a new synchronized design for flattening the passband of an arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) over a broad wavelength range of 90 nm. A wavelength-insensitive 3-dB balanced coupler is designed to be used in duplicate in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI); the phase deviation created by one of the balanced couplers is cancelled by flipping the other coupler around. This MZI is arranged in tandem with the AWG such that the output signal of the MZI is the input signal of the AWG. We demonstrate a 5-channel, 18-nm-spacing AWG with a 0.5-dB bandwidth of 12 nm over a 90-nm spectral range. A low-loss cascaded AWG system is demonstrated by using the MZI-synchronized flat-top AWG as a primary filter.
Highlights
The arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) is a powerful wavelength-selective device with high accuracy and stability[1]
We present a new synchronized design for flattening the passband of an arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) over a broad wavelength range of 90 nm
A wavelength-insensitive 3-dB balanced coupler is designed to be used in duplicate in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI); the phase deviation created by one of the balanced couplers is cancelled by flipping the other coupler around
Summary
The arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) is a powerful wavelength-selective device with high accuracy and stability[1]. The phase deviation created by one of the balanced couplers is canceled by flipping the other coupler around Using these components, a 5-channel, 18-nm-spacing MZI-synchronized AWG is designed and a 0.5-dB bandwidth greater than 12 nm over 90 nm spectral range is demonstrated with an overall device size of 11 × 3 mm. The applicability of this approach is demonstrated by the design and realization of a cascaded AWG system, which consists of this flat-top 1×5 AWG as a primary filter and five 1×51 AWGs as secondary filters. AWGs can be designed with better wavelength resolution, e.g. 0.1 nm, a compromise between device size and resolution needs to be made
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