Broad learning solution for rapid diagnosis of COVID-19

Abstract

COVID-19 has put all of humanity in a health dilemma as it spreads rapidly. For many infectious diseases, the delay of detection results leads to the spread of infection and an increase in healthcare costs. COVID-19 diagnostic methods rely on a large number of redundant labeled data and time-consuming data training processes to obtain satisfactory results. However, as a new epidemic, obtaining large clinical datasets is still challenging, which will inhibit the training of deep models. And a model that can really rapidly diagnose COVID-19 at all stages of the model has still not been proposed. To address these limitations, we combine feature attention and broad learning to propose a diagnostic system (FA-BLS) for COVID-19 pulmonary infection, which introduces a broad learning structure to address the slow diagnosis speed of existing deep learning methods. In our network, transfer learning is performed with ResNet50 convolutional modules with fixed weights to extract image features, and the attention mechanism is used to enhance feature representation. After that, feature nodes and enhancement nodes are generated by broad learning with random weights to adaptly select features for diagnosis. Finally, three publicly accessible datasets were used to evaluate our optimization model. It was determined that the FA-BLS model had a 26–130 times faster training speed than deep learning with a similar level of accuracy, which can achieve a fast and accurate diagnosis, achieve effective isolation from COVID-19 and the proposed method also opens up a new method for other types of chest CT image recognition problems.