Abstract

In this paper, we propose a novel broad coverage precoder design for three-dimensional (3D) massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) equipped with huge uniform planar arrays (UPAs). The desired two-dimensional (2D) angle power spectrum is assumed to be separable. We use the per-antenna constant power constraint and the semi-unitary constraint which are widely used in the literature. For normal broad coverage precoder design, the dimension of the optimization space is the product of the number of antennas at the base station (BS) and the number of transmit streams. With the proposed method, the design of the high-dimensional precoding matrices is reduced to that of a set of low-dimensional orthonormal vectors, and of a pair of low-dimensional vectors. The dimensions of the vectors in the set and the pair are the number of antennas per column and per row of the UPA, respectively. We then use optimization methods to generate the set of orthonormal vectors and the pair of vectors, respectively. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed broad coverage precoding matrices achieve nearly the same performance as the normal broad coverage precoder with much lower computational complexity.

Highlights

  • Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) [1,2] is one of the key enabling technologies of fifth generation (5G) wireless communications systems

  • We focus on the problem of broad coverage precoder design for 3D massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems

  • We provide simulation results to verify the analytic results of the proposed broad coverage precoder design

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Summary

Introduction

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) [1,2] is one of the key enabling technologies of fifth generation (5G) wireless communications systems. It provides huge spatial multiplexing gains and high energy efficiency by employing a large number of antennas at a base station (BS). In the process of establishing links between the BS and the users, the broadcasting and control information plays an important role. Uniform planar array (UPA) antennas are preferred to uniform linear array (ULA).

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