Broad band antireflection coating on zinc sulphide simultaneously effective in SWIR, MWIR and LWIR regions

Abstract

In recent years multi-spectral imagery is steadily growing popularity. Multi-channel imaging which includes short-wave infrared (SWIR), mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) systems are useful for threat detection, tracking, thermal signature detection and terrain analysis. In this paper, a broad band antireflection coating on ZnS substrate, simultaneously effective in SWIR, MWIR and LWIR is reported. The coating design approach was evolved using gradient index concept, where refractive index varies gradually from incident media to the ZnS ( n = 2.2) substrate. The gradient index profile depicted by 4th degree polynomial n( t) = −0.45 t 4 + 1.9 t 3 − 2.7 t 2 + 1.9 t + 1,where n( t) is the refractive index at the distance t from ambient, and t is the thickness in micron. The profile is best approximated by eight discrete step index layers, whose first layer is thorium fluoride ( n = 1.42; lowest index stable material available). Other seven layers are replaced by two equivalent layer system of real materials thorium fluoride and zinc sulphide. Final 15 layers design is deposited by e-beam evaporation. The maximum layer thickness was restricted around 0.7 μm to overcome the stress problem in the film. This 15 layers coating has shown average transmission 95% in 0.9–10.5 μm spectral band having peak 99% at 9 μm.