Abstract
Our aim is to investigate whether or not the breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) gene expression is directly linked to clinico-pathological features of breast cancer. Following a stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria, case–control studies with associations between BRMS1 and breast cancer were selected from articles obtained by way of searches conducted through an electronic database. All statistical analyses were performed with Stata 12.0 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX, U.S.A.). Ultimately, 1,263 patients with breast cancer were found in a meta-analysis retrieved from a total that included 12 studies. Results of our meta-analysis suggested that BRMS1 protein in breast cancer tissues was significantly lower in comparison with normal breast tissues (odds ratio, OR = 0.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.04–0.15). The BRMS1 protein in metastatic breast cancer tissue was decreased than from that was found in non-metastatic breast cancer tissue (OR = 0.20, 95%CI = 0.13–0.29), and BRMS1 protein in tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages 1 and 2 was found to be higher than TNM stages 3 and 4 (OR = 4.62, 95%CI = 2.77–7.70). BRMS1 protein in all three major types of breast cancer was lower than that of control tissues respectively. We also found strong correlations between BRMS1 mRNA levels and TNM stage and tumor size. The results our meta-analysis showed that reduction in BRMS1 expression level was linked directly to clinico-pathological features of breast cancer significantly; therefore, suggesting the loss of expression or reduced levels of BRMS1 is potentially a strong indicator of the metastatic capacity of breast cancer with poor prognosis.
Highlights
Breast cancer accounts for approximately 33% of cancers diagnosed among females in the U.S.A., and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide [1]
The present meta-analysis investigated the correlation between breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) and the clinico-pathological features of breast cancer including lymph node metastasis (LNM), TNF stages, tumor size, histological grade, pathological type, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), overall survival (OS), and relapse free survival (RFS)
Approximately 30 metastasis suppressor genes have been recognized in multiple carcinomas along with the loss of their function through mutations or gene silencing, facilitating metastatic behavior of tumor cells [8]
Summary
Breast cancer accounts for approximately 33% of cancers diagnosed among females in the U.S.A., and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide [1]. Tumor metastasis is a multistep process involving disruption of intercellular adhesions and dispersal of single cells from solid tumor, invasion of blood and lymphatic vessels, immunologic escape in circulation, attachment to endothelial cells, extravasation from blood and lymph vessels and proliferation, and angiogenesis induction [8,9]. This process is assisted by a preferred microenvironment at the primary and metastatic sites [7]
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