Abstract
No historical analysis of post-1945 NGOs would be complete without a discussion of NGOs active in the field of international development and humanitarianism. Although this chapter refers to international development and humanitarian NGOs as ‘humanitarian, aid and development organisations’ (HADOs), it does not dispute their status as NGOs. Indeed, they are probably the single category of organisations least problematically assigned the label of NGO — they are deliberate socio-political actors (even if historically constrained by charity law), they are non-violent, and, although the largest and most respected HADOs may accept some funding from state departments, they are not wholly dependent on it. Their status as NGOs is often taken for granted to the extent that much scholarly work on NGOs has focussed almost exclusively on HADOs.2
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