Briquettes Produced With a Mixture of Urban Pruning Waste, Glycerin and Cassava Processing Residue

Silvia Maccari Petricoski,Armin Feiden,Daniele Patricia Gentelini-Marquez,Adriana Ferla De Oliveira,Bruno Meneghel Zilli,Gabriela Bonassa,Alexandra Da Silva Martinez,Eduardo Augusto Feiden,Cristiano Alexandre Feiden,Jair Antonio Cruz Siqueira,Luciene Kazue Tokura,Samuel Nelson Melegari De Souza

doi:10.5539/jas.v12n6p158

Abstract

The briquette is considered a solid biofuel, made from the compaction of lignocellulosic residues used for the generation of energy. This work aimed to study the production of briquettes from mixtures of Urban Pruning Waste (RPU) (pruning of leaves and thin branches of trees), glycerin and cassava bagasse (Manihot esculenta). Samples of RPU, cassava bagasse and glycerol were mixed to yield treatments T1 (100% RPU), T2 (92% RPU and 8% cassava bagasse), T3 (97% RPU and 3% glycerin), T4 (89% RPU, 8% cassava bagasse and 3% Glycerin), T5 (94.5% RPU, 4% cassava bagasse and 1.5% glycerin) and T6 (control). Following this step, physical, chemical and energetic analyses (moisture content, volatile material content, fixed carbon and ash content, superior, inferior and useful calorific value, mechanical resistance, apparent and energetic density) of the briquettes were carried out. Treatment T2 had a lower fixed carbon value and volatile content, as well as higher ash content and mechanical strength. The percentages of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen did not differ statistically between the treatments. The higher, lower and useful heating values were higher in treatment T3. The results showed that treatments T1, T2 and T3 were more efficient, producing briquettes with properties that meet market specifications, besides presenting great energetic potential, being good substitutes for firewood.

Highlights

Among the impacts arising from the generation of waste, environmental waste is of great concern, os its ratem of generation is superior to that of degradation
The residual glycerin resulting from the process of biodiesel production by methyl route and basic catalysis was collected at the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), located in the Municipality of Palotina, PR, with a latitude 24o17′02′′ S, longitude of 53o50′24′′ W, and an altitude of 333 m
For the drying of the RPU and cassava bagasse samples, a container-type dryer with forced circulation of air heated via solar energy, located in the Municipality of Vera Cruz do Oeste, PR, with temperature ranging from 20 °C to 30 °C, was used (Figure 1)

Summary

Introduction

Among the impacts arising from the generation of waste, environmental waste is of great concern, os its ratem of generation is superior to that of degradation. It is essential to reduce and reuse waste generated in agricultural, industrial and urban environments, aiming at recovering matter and energy, preserving natural resources and minimizing environmental damage (Galvão & Oetterer, 2014). Discarded materials include those resulting from the pruning and removal of trees located in streets, avenues, flowerbeds, and squares. The inappropriate disposal of such waste in landfills or burning contributes to environmental degradation, the appropriate management and application of byproducts of urban pruning in the production of jas.ccsenet.org. Other agro-industrial wastes that are commonly disposed of incorrectly is the cassava (Manihot esculenta). The state of Paraná stands out as the second largest producer in the Brazilian rankings, with an estimated production of 2.79 million metric tons in the 2017 harvest (Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento [CONAB], 2017)

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