Bright–dark self-coupled vector spatial solitons in biased two-photon photovoltaic photorefractive crystals

Abstract

This paper predicts that bright–dark self-coupled vector solitons are possible in biased two-photon photovoltaic photorefractive crystals under steady-state conditions. The solutions of these vector solitons can be determined by use of simple numerical integration procedures. When the photovoltaic effect is neglectable, these vector solitons are bright–dark vector screening solitons. When the external bias field is absent, these vector solitons degenerate the bright–dark vector photovoltaic solitons.