Bright traveling breathers in media with long-range nonconvex dispersion.

Abstract

The existence and properties of envelope solitary waves on a periodic traveling-wave background, called traveling breathers, are investigated numerically in representative nonlocal dispersive media. Using a fixed-point computational scheme, a space-time boundary-value problem for bright traveling breather solutions is solved for the weakly nonlinear Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation, a nonlocal, regularized shallow water wave model, and the strongly nonlinear conduit equation, a nonlocal model of viscous core-annular flows. Curves of unit-mean traveling breather solutions within a three-dimensional parameter space are obtained. Resonance due to nonconvex, rational linear dispersion leads to a nonzero oscillatory background upon which traveling breathers propagate. These solutions exhibit a topological phase jump and so act as defects within the periodic background. For small amplitudes, traveling breathers are well approximated by bright soliton solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equationwith a negligibly small periodic background. These solutions are numerically continued into the large-amplitude regime as elevation defects on cnoidal or cnoidal-like periodic traveling-wave backgrounds. This study of bright traveling breathers provides insight into systems with nonconvex, nonlocal dispersion that occur in a variety of media such as internal oceanic waves subject to rotation and short, intense optical pulses.