Brief Screening Tools for Long-Term Sickness Absence Due to Mental Disorders in Public Servants

Hideyuki Ishimoto,Shinichi Iwasaki,Koki Inoue

doi:10.4236/health.2016.814145

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Mental disorders are often a cause of long-term sickness absence (LTSA). Kessler 6 (K6) and the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) are short mental health assessment questionnaires and widely used for assessing mental health in the workplace. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the screening performance of these tools for the prediction of LTSA due to mental disorders (LTSA-MD). METHODS: K6 and BJSQ were administered to 19,321 public servants, of whom 131 took LTSA-MD during the study period. A receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to estimate the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity with optimal cut-off points for K6 and four BJSQ subscales (Job Stressors; Stress Responses; Social Support; and Job Stressors + Social Support). RESULTS: K6 showed the highest AUC, and K6 and the Stress Responses subscale of the BJSQ showed higher AUC and sensitivity than other BJSQ subscales. CONCLUSIONS: The psychological distress experienced at the time, i.e. K6 and the Stress Responses, was the best predictors of LTSA-MD. Using these instant effective tools will enable us to identify high-risk workers, employ suitable interventions to improve mental health at an early stage, and reduce the incidence of LTSA-MD.

Highlights

Mental illness is a major global burden, accounting for 14% of all diseases [1]
A receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to estimate the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity with optimal cut-off points for Kessler 6 (K6) and four Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) subscales (Job Stressors; Stress Responses; Social Support; and Job Stressors + Social Support)
Our study identified the most reliable predictors of long-term sickness absence (LTSA)-MD incidence from these brief screening questionnaires

Summary

Introduction

Mental illness is a major global burden, accounting for 14% of all diseases [1]. In Japan, psychiatric and behavioral morbidity was 203/100,000 in 2014 [2], and there is a continuous increasing trend [3]. Mental illness is often disabling, leading to decreased productivity at work and longterm sickness absence (LTSA). In Japan, sickness absence due to mental disorders rose from 34% in 2001 to 63% in 2006 among national public servants [7]. Mental disorders are often a cause of long-term sickness absence (LTSA). CONCLUSIONS: The psychological distress experienced at the time, i.e. K6 and the Stress Responses, was the best predictors of LTSA-MD. Using these instant effective tools will enable us to identify high-risk workers, employ suitable interventions to improve mental health at an early stage, and reduce the incidence of LTSA-MD

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion