Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated and progressive disease of the central nervous system. The purpose of today's studies is that MS is not only a demyelinating disorder but a primary degenerative process associated with atrophy. Brain atrophy might happen without any clinical attacks or magnetic resolution imaging (MRI) changes. 40-70% of the MS patients suffers from cognitive impairment. The brief international cognitive assessment for multiple sclerosis (BICAMS) was recommended for a short cognitive assessment in these patients. BICAMS can be used as a tool for cognitive monitoring. On the other hand, among MRI measures, brain volume loss (BVL) has been directly correlated with disability progression and cognitive impairment. Although brain atrophy plays a prognostic role in MS progression, its assessment is not routinely performed in daily MS practice.
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