Brief description of current problems and ongoing reforms of healthcare systems in Greece, Bulgaria a nd Spain

Abstract

The article is a description of the problems and reforms of the healthcare systems of Greece, Bulgaria, Spain. The range of existing problems includes the imperfection of management and financing of healthcare in these countries, which leads to a high level of co-financing of medical care by the population itself, a shortage of medical personnel and their uneven distribution within countries, the predominance of inpatient medical services, reduced availability (waiting time for medical care). In addition, Greece and Bulgaria have a high prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases with weak or no screening programs. The countries listed above are implementing a number of reforms related to the management and financing of healthcare, and the availability of medical care. However, significant results of reform, with the exception of Spain, are not observed in these countries, including due to the lack of political agreement on the implementation of the necessary reforms.