Abstract

Abstract. Snow avalanches are a major component of the mountain cryosphere, but little is known about the factors controlling the variability of their deposit volumes. This study investigates the influence of avalanche path morphology on ca. 1500 deposit volumes recorded between 2003 and 2018 in 77 snow avalanche paths of the French Alps. Different statistical techniques show a slight but significant link between deposit volumes and path mean elevation and orientation, with contrasted patterns between winter and spring seasons. The limited and partially non-linear nature of this control may result from the combined influence on the genesis of deposit volumes of mean path activity, climate conditions, and mechanical thresholds determining avalanche release.

Highlights

  • Snow avalanches are a major component of the mountain cryosphere (Beniston et al, 2018) that often put people, settlements and infrastructures at risk

  • Despite significant progress over recent years regarding the mechanical behavior of snow in motion and related flow regimes (Köhler et al, 2018), critical aspects of snow avalanche dynamics remain less known, such as the factors controlling deposit volumes

  • Previous work documented the sedimentological characteristics of snow avalanche deposits (Jomelli and Bertran, 2001; Bartelt et al, 2009)

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Summary

Introduction

Snow avalanches are a major component of the mountain cryosphere (Beniston et al, 2018) that often put people, settlements and infrastructures at risk These gravitational processes result in rapid and complex snow flows (Mc Clung and Gauer, 2018). Despite significant progress over recent years regarding the mechanical behavior of snow in motion and related flow regimes (Köhler et al, 2018), critical aspects of snow avalanche dynamics remain less known, such as the factors controlling deposit volumes. This limited knowledge is surprising as snow avalanche deposit characteristics determine the damage and disturbance to people, buildings, and communication networks (Leone et al, 2014).

Avalanche deposit volumes
Avalanche path morphology and related volume samples
Statistical analyses
High spatiotemporal variability of deposit volumes and avalanche activity
Relationships between path morphology and deposit volumes
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