“Bridge” Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Early Stage Breast Cancer Patients During COVID-19 at an Academic Hospital in NYC: Lessons Learned and Future Directions

Abstract

<i>Background</i>: The COVID-19 pandemic presented a unique challenge to our healthcare system and rapidly changed the delivery of cancer care. During the height of the pandemic in New York State, non-emergent surgery, including cancer surgery, was postponed. For patients with hormone receptor positive breast cancer, “bridge” neoadjuvant hormonal therapy was initiated until surgery could be safely performed. <i>Objective</i>: We present our institutional experience with this approach and lessons learned, including oncologic outcomes and factors which may lead to increased medication compliance. <i>Method</i>: This is a single institution, retrospective, observational chart review. Using data from the NYU Perlmutter Cancer Center, we created a database of patients who were diagnosed with ER+ stage 0, I, or II breast cancer and were offered preoperative endocrine therapy (tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors) between March 12, 2020 and June 1, 2020. Variables collected included demographics, tumor characteristics, as well as the rates of medication uptake and compliance. Patients eligible for review were adult (age>18) males and females who had initial visits at our two cancer centers between March 12, 2020 and June 1, 2020, during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York. <i>Results</i>: Of 192 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients seen at the NYU Perlmutter Cancer Center during the study time period, 136 (71%) patients had early stage ER positive breast cancer. Forty-five patients (23%) had not yet undergone surgery, and were recommended to receive presurgical hormonal therapy as a bridge. Average age: 60.5 +/- 13.8 years old (range 31-89). Thirty-four patients (75.6%) had invasive cancer, 8 had DCIS (17.8%), 3 had DCIS with microinvasion (6.7%). There were 9 patients (20%) who did not take the medication. Thirty-six patients (80%) took medication for an average of 43.6 +/- 27.3 days (range 9-101 days) prior to surgery. Twenty-eight patients (77.8%) took an aromatase inhibitor, and 8 (22.2%) took tamoxifen. Forty-two patients have now undergone surgery (93.3%) – the remaining patients include one who is refusing all treatment, one patient who relocated out of state, and another patient who has not yet scheduled surgery, but is still taking an aromatase inhibitor. <i>Conclusion</i>: Despite traditionally low uptake and adherence to endocrine therapy, acceptance of neo-adjuvant bridge therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic was high (80%). We plan to investigate our patient population further, especially psychosocial and behavioral factors that influence willingness to take endocrine therapy – and apply these lessons to management of early-stage ER positive breast cancer.