Abstract
Based on extensive documentary research and hundreds of interviews with principals in Russia, the Baltic states, Ukraine and Western Europe, the author analyzes the logic of international environmental cooperation and documents that logic with five case studies. The article evaluates the efficacy and risks of the most popular Western response to environmental degradation in the former socialist states: subsidization (“environmental bribery”). While often effective, such an approach encourages greater risk-taking by potential recipients; often results in “polluter life extension,” or the modernization, rather than replacement, of aged, unprofitable facilities; and sometimes leads to blackmail, or threats by recipients to increase transboundary pollution unless their more affluent neighbors pay them not to do so. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: Q20, Q28, Q30.
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