Abstract
Acacia hybrid (Acacia mangium× A.auriculiformis) shows better growth and wood properties, and tolerance to pest and disease. Currently, acacia hybrid breeding strategy was developed through naturally hybrid selected from trees grown in plantation. However, mass propagation of acacia hybrid using such kind of strategy was not satisfied due to ageing effect. This study was aimed to develop a new acacia hybrid breeding strategy using controlled pollination hybridization technique. The strategy was developed through a series of research: flowering, crossing, hybrid identification, clone multiplication, and clonal test. The results of study showed that the series of research for developing acacia hybrid breeding strategy was achieved. Flowering time synchronization provided a high probability for the success of controlled pollination hybridization. Leaves taxonomy at seedling stage revealed to be an efective way to identify acacia hybrid with acuracy of 92.2%. The acacia hybrid was succesfully propagated using shoot cutting at rate of 78.1%. The best selected clones of acacia hybrid outperformed in height growth at rates of 17.28% over to superior pure parents, which is equivalent to the estimated stand productivity at around 48 m3 ha-1 y-1. The series of research provided a new effective and efficient breeding strategy for acacia hybrid.
Highlights
Acacia hybrid is an out-crossed variety between Acacia mangium and A. auriculiformis, either naturally or artificially
Flowering phenology Results of flowering intensity for A. mangium and A. auriculiformis during the year of 20072008 observed in breeding garden are presented in Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5
In 2007, the peak of flowering intensity for A. mangium was observed on December with the rates of around 41.7%, while that in 2008, it was observed on January with the rates of around 68.7%
Summary
Acacia hybrid is an out-crossed variety between Acacia mangium and A. auriculiformis, either naturally or artificially. Superior acacia hybrid has some merits as compared to the pure parents, such as fast growth, straight main stem, light branches, soft bark, and resistance to pest and disease (Nikles et al 1998; Kha 2001). They had better wood properties with higher quality for pulp and paper industry compared to A. mangium (Kim et al 2009; Khalid et al 2010; Rukeya et al 2010; Yahya et al 2010;Kato et al 2012; Kha et al 2012). One of the possibilities to achieve this strategy is through the use of artificial controlled pollination technique
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