Abstract
ABSTRACT Pholiota adiposa is a mushroom with excellent nutritional and medicinal properties. However, fruiting body yields are low, and the commercial cultivation potential of this fungus is limited. Here, 279 crossbred strains were obtained by the mono-mono crossing of monokaryotic strains derived from P. adiposa HS5 and HS4. Laccase enzymes and mycelial growth rates were used as markers to screen the crossbred strains, and 18 strains were selected for further analysis. Crossbred strain A10B4 displayed the highest yield (i.e. 165.91 ± 12.56 g per bag), which was 31.34 g and 74.48 g more than that of strains HS5 and HS4, respectively. The mycelial colonization time of A10B4 was 25.18 ± 1.33 d, which was 5.64 d shorter than that of HS5. A10B4 was characterized by inter-simple sequence repeat molecular markers. Differences in PCR products from parental and crossbred strains were observed. Therefore, the newly developed hybrid strain A10B4, named P. adiposa HS54 exhibiting high yield, might be suitable for commercial cultivation.
Highlights
The genus Pholiota is made up of wood-rotting saprotrophic mushrooms characterized by a yellow or brown pileus with scales and/or slimy (Lee et al, 2020)
126 and 103 monokaryons were isolated from P. adiposa HS5 and HS4, respectively and were selected for further study based on mycelial growth rates and their abilities to decolorize Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) (Figure 1)
For P. adiposa HS4, the average mycelial growth rate (MGR) of 103 monokaryons was 1.77 mm/d in the first round of screening; 21 monokaryons with a decolorization degree ≥ 3 and MGR ≥ 1.77 mm/d were selected during the second round of screening from 47 monokaryons (Supplementary Table 1)
Summary
The genus Pholiota is made up of wood-rotting saprotrophic mushrooms characterized by a yellow or brown pileus with scales and/or slimy (Lee et al, 2020). P. adiposa is widely distributed on dead poplars, willows, or birches in forested areas in China (Hu et al, 2012; Rong et al, 2016). It is a lignin-degrading macrofungus with excellent nutritional and medicinal properties (Hu et al, 2012). Most P. adiposa cultivars were domesticated from the wild and with low yields, and reports on breeding this mushroom are limited. P. adiposa HS5 (Rong et al, 2016), with the highest biological efficiency, was screened as one of five wild strains in comparative studies. To obtain a P. adiposa strain with high yield and MGR, we performed crossbreeding of these two strains
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