Abstract
The article presents the research on breeding and chemical methods of brown mustard sowings from Fusarium blight in the conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region. We evaluated mustard variety samples affected by the disease on a natural infectious background during the growing season. As a result, for 4 years we selected mustard breeding material resistant to Fusarium blight, which exceeds the productivity and oil content of the standard variety Yunona by 0.20-0.26 t/ha and 2.0-2.7 %, respectively. We tested systemic chemical fungicides from the triazoles and strobilurins groups in a chemical method study. We determined the fungicide with the active ingredients azoxystrobin 120 g/l + tebuconazole 200 g/l, SC at the application rate of 1.0 l/ha which effectively decreases the spreading and development of Fusarium blight on mustard when treating plants at the stalking stage. The biological effectiveness of the preparation was 82.4 %, the seed yield significantly exceeded the control (by 0.36 t/ha). Thus, it is recommended to use both breeding and chemical methods of sowings protection against the disease to effectively decrease the harmfulness of Fusarium blight on mustard.
Highlights
Brown mustard (Brassica juncea L.) belongs to the Brassicacea family of oil crops
We evaluated mustard variety samples affected by Fusarium blight against the natural infection background during the growing season, beginning from the cotyledon leaves to the stage of yellow-green pod
We evaluated the mustard material for resistance to Fusarium blight using a visual 10point scale according to the degree of a sample affection, where 9 points are the maximum degree of affection
Summary
Brown mustard (Brassica juncea L.) belongs to the Brassicacea family of oil crops. The meal that remains after oil extraction and contains a large amount of protein is used as feed for farm animals, mustard seeds and cake are used in medicine and as a seasoning [10]. One of the common diseases is Fusarium blight in the form of tracheomycosis of plants [3]. The pathogens infect plants through the root system.
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