Breeding accession value of potato genetic resources as sources of resistance to fungal diseases

Abstract

Aim. To select sources and donors of resistance to fungal diseases late blight and fusarium (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary and Fusarium sambucinum Fuck) among the gene pool accessions and available potato forms. Results and Discussion. Among wild species accessions, sources of resistance both to late blight of tubers and to Fusarium dry rot were identified. Solznum vernei, S.ocadae, S.dodsii, S.venturii, and S.boliviense accessions had tubers with high resistance to P.infestans. In addition, 31 accessions of wild species with high resistance to F.sambucinum were identified. Among newly created backcrosses of multispecies hybrids, 31 accessions were distinguished due to high or very high resistance of tubers to the pathogen. Backcrosses G13.45s14, G14.4s11, G15.7s105, G15.10s14, G15.24s17, G15.31s3, G15.32s50, G15.32s54, G15.15.36, 38s14, G17.16s8, G17.17s12, G17.17s13, G17.19s2, G17.22s50, and G17.28s8 were noticeable for the highest resistance. Six backcrosses of multispecies hybrids with high resistance of leaves to P.infestans were obtained. ccessions of the collection of potato genetic resources stored at the Institute of Potato Growing of NAAS of Ukraine are donors of resistance to Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary: 04.20s116 (UM0101669), 86.685s56 (UM0101705), 88.1425s1 (UM0101706), 88.1450s2 (UM0101595), Santarka (UM0102819), Podoliia (UM0102818), Hurman (UM0102878), Zarevo (UM010018). Sources of resistance to Fusarium sambucinum Fuck were found among backcrosses of multispecies hybrids. Backcrosses G13.49s45, G15.36s22, G17.10s1, G17.22s12, G17.22s50, and G17.28s8 were characterized by high individual resistance. Backcrosses G15.36s22, G17.10s1, G17.22s12, and G17.22s50 are of high breeding value, as they are their resistance score is 7-9 points, both to P. infestans and to F. sambucinum. Backcross G17.28s8 stood out due to its high resistance to late blight of leaves and tubers as well as to Fusarium dry rot. Conclusions. In the potato gene pool, sources of resistance to fungal diseases late blight and fusarium (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary and Fusarium sambucinum Fuck) were identified. Both among wild species accessions and among backcrosses of multispecies hybrids, sources of potato resistance to late blight and Fusarium dry rot were found; they are valuable starting material to breed new varieties that would be highly resistant to biotic and abiotic factors.