Breathing modes of repulsive polarons in Bose–Bose mixtures

Abstract

We consider impurity atoms embedded in a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate in a quasi-one dimensional regime. We study the effects of repulsive coupling between the impurities and Bose species on the equilibrium of the system for both miscible and immiscible mixtures by numerically solving the underlying coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations. Our results reveal that the presence of impurities may lead to a miscible–immiscible phase transition due to the interaction of the impurities and the two condensates. Within the realm of the Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations we calculate the quantum fluctuations due to the different types of interactions. The breathing modes and the time evolution of harmonically trapped impurities in both homogeneous and inhomogeneous binary condensates are deeply discussed in the miscible case using variational and numerical means. We show in particular that the self-trapping, the miscibility and the inhomogeneity of the trapped Bose mixture may strongly modify the low-lying excitations and the dynamical properties of impurities. The presence of phonons in the homogeneous Bose mixture gives rise to the damping of breathing oscillations of impurities width.