Abstract
An extended model is proposed for lung respiration. This model is made to cope with the gas diffusion by convection in the airway network, gas exchange at the alveolus and gas transport by blood flow, as well as the gas flow phenomenon in the airway network induced by diaphragm motion. The submodel for each phenomenon is combined into a total respiratory system, and it is formulated in the context of discretization based on the adjoint variational principle. The model is examined first in terms of normal respiration and then high-frequency ventilation (HFV) is studied. The effects of HFV are evaluated through several case studies and it is quantitatively shown that the influence of the convective diffusion is dominant in the gas transport in the case of HFV. The proposed model is expected to be used to determine proper parameters of HFV.
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