Abstract
BackgroundExhaled pentane, which is produced as a consequence of reactive oxygen species-mediated lipid peroxidation, is a marker of oxidative stress. Propofol is widely used as a hypnotic agent in intensive care units and the operating room. Moreover, this agent has been reported to inhibit lipid peroxidation by directly scavenging reactive oxygen species. In this study, using a porcine liver ischemia-reperfusion injury model, we have evaluated the hypothesis that high concentrations of breath pentane are related to adverse outcome and that propofol could reduce breath pentane and improve liver injury and outcome in swine in this situation.Methodology/Principal FindingsTwenty male swine were assigned to two groups: propofol (n = 10) and chloral hydrate groups (n = 10). Hepatic ischemia was induced by occluding the portal inflow vessels. Ischemia lasted for 30 min, followed by reperfusion for 360 min. Exhaled and blood pentane concentrations in the chloral hydrate group markedly increased 1 min after reperfusion and then decreased to baseline. Breath and blood pentane concentrations in the propofol group increased 1 min after reperfusion but were significantly lower than in the chloral hydrate group. A negative correlation was found between breath pentane levels and survival in the chloral hydrate group. The median overall survival was 251 min after reperfusion (range 150–360 min) in the chloral hydrate group. All of the swine were alive in the propofol group.ConclusionsMonitoring of exhaled pentane may be useful for evaluating the severity of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury and aid in predicting the outcome; propofol may improve the outcome in this situation.
Highlights
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury resulting from the interruption and restoration of blood flow is related to a rapid increase in free radical-mediated lipid oxidation and the disruption of cell membrane integrity that can result in cell death and serious pathophysiological consequences [1,2,3]
Monitoring of exhaled pentane may be useful for evaluating the severity of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury and aid in predicting the outcome; propofol may improve the outcome in this situation
We demonstrated that breath pentane analysis could provide an early, rapid, noninvasive and continuous assessment of lipid peroxidation during hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury [5]
Summary
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury resulting from the interruption and restoration of blood flow is related to a rapid increase in free radical-mediated lipid oxidation and the disruption of cell membrane integrity that can result in cell death and serious pathophysiological consequences [1,2,3]. Breath pentane, which is produced by reactive oxygen species(ROS) mediated lipid peroxidation of n-6 polyunsaturated membrane fatty acids, is a marker of oxidative stress [4]. Propofol has been reported to inhibit lipid peroxidation and protect cells against oxidative stress in various clinical and animal studies [9,10,11]. Exhaled pentane, which is produced as a consequence of reactive oxygen species-mediated lipid peroxidation, is a marker of oxidative stress. Propofol is widely used as a hypnotic agent in intensive care units and the operating room This agent has been reported to inhibit lipid peroxidation by directly scavenging reactive oxygen species. In this study, using a porcine liver ischemia-reperfusion injury model, we have evaluated the hypothesis that high concentrations of breath pentane are related to adverse outcome and that propofol could reduce breath pentane and improve liver injury and outcome in swine in this situation
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