Abstract
BackgroundBreast cancer is common global public health problem. It is the principal cause of cancer related death. In Ethiopia, study findings regarding prevalence and associated factors of BSE among female healthcare workers have been inconsistently reported and highly variable. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of breast self-examination practice and determinants in Ethiopia.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Global Health, Google Scholar, CINAHL and Scopus from April 2, 2020 to April 24, 2020. Data were extracted from articles included in the review using a data extraction tool which was adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute. the quality of each included article was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Data analysis was done using STATA 11. The Cochrane Q and I2 test were used to assess heterogeneity between the studies; and publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger’s test. A random effects meta-analysis was computed to determine the pooled prevalence of breast self-examination. The determinants for breast self-examination were examined. Forest plots were used to present the prevalence and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval.ResultsAfter reviewing 9605 studies, 12 studies involving 4129 female healthcare workers were included for this review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of breast self-examination practice among healthcare workers in Ethiopia was 56.31% (95% CI: 44.37, 68.25). The subgroup analysis further revealed that the higher breast self-examination practice was observed among other healthcare workers, 58.60% (95% CI: 43.31, 73.90). Good knowledge (AOR = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.24, 7.35), positive attitude (AOR = 2.73; 95% CI: 1.95, 4.13) and family history of breast cancer (AOR = 3.21; 95% CI: 1.22, 6.52) were significantly associated with breast self-examination practice among healthcare workers.ConclusionThis meta-analysis found that nearly half of the female healthcare workers were not performed breast self-examination. The finding of this study suggests the need of strengthening early diagnosis of breast cancer and control strategies with a collaborative effort of policymakers and other concerned stakeholders.
Highlights
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent cancer among women, and the principal cause of cancer related death [1, 2]; which is ranked the second leading cause of death from cancer in women [3, 4]
Family history of breast cancer (AOR = 3.21; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22, 6.52) were significantly associated with breast self-examination practice among healthcare workers. This meta-analysis found that nearly half of the female healthcare workers were not performed breast self-examination
The finding of this study suggests the need of strengthening early diagnosis of breast cancer and control strategies with a collaborative effort of policymakers and other concerned stakeholders
Summary
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent cancer among women, and the principal cause of cancer related death [1, 2]; which is ranked the second leading cause of death from cancer in women [3, 4]. The incidence of breast cancer has been rising in both developed and developing world [4,5,6]. Breast cancer is a global concern affecting over 2 million women worldwide [2]. 2.4 million new breast cancer cases and 53,000 deaths were reported in 2015; Of which, 13% occurred in Africa [7]. According to World Health Organization (WHO), almost 58% of breast cancer related deaths occur in less developed countries [8]. Breast cancer is responsible for 15 million disability adjusted life years (DALYs) worldwide [2]. Breast cancer is common global public health problem. It is the principal cause of cancer related death.
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