Abstract

Multiple studies have demonstrated screening mammography’s ability to decrease mortality in average risk women. It is also recognized that women at high risk for breast cancer who choose surveillance benefit from additional imaging strategies for cancer detection in addition to mammography alone. Contrast-enhanced breast MRI has become a standard and accepted tool in the screening evaluation of women with a high risk of breast cancer. However, despite recognition of MRI’s ability to detect breast cancer in the screening setting in a high-risk population, there are still questions surrounding the use of breast MRI in the screening environment. This chapter will provide an overview of breast screening MRI indications and current guidelines and will also review the evidence supporting the use of screening breast MRI.

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