Abstract
BackgroundBreast involvement of hematological malignancies is a very rare entity. Accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate treatment. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical and radiological findings of hematological malignancy breast involvement and to describe possible pitfalls in diagnosis.ResultsThe images of 20 patients with breast involvement of hematological malignancies were retrospectively evaluated on ultrasonography, mammography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the findings were reported. Bilaterality was seen only in cases with secondary involvement, and there was no marked difference between primary and secondary breast involvement of hematological malignancies. All patients underwent ultrasonography examination. According to ultrasonography, breast masses were most frequently irregular in shape (11/20, 55%) with non-circumscribed margins (11/20, 55%). Posterior acoustic enhancement was noted in 14 cases (70%). Posterior shadowing was not observed in any of the patients. Mammography was available in 10 patients. Microcalcification was not observed in any patient on mammography. MRI was available in four patients. Hyperintensity in T2-weighted images, type 2 or type 3 dynamic curve, and diffusion restriction were observed in all cases.ConclusionsHematological malignancies may mimic both benign breast lesions and breast carcinoma. Familiarity with the radiological features of hematological malignancies can help accurate diagnosis.
Highlights
Breast involvement of hematological malignancies is a very rare entity
The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical and radiological findings of hematological malignancy breast involvement diagnosed at a single institution and to describe possible pitfalls in diagnosis
The imaging features were described according to the American College of Radiology Breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) lexicon [5]
Summary
Breast involvement of hematological malignancies is a very rare entity. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical and radiological findings of hematological malignancy breast involvement and to describe possible pitfalls in diagnosis. Breast involvement of hematological malignancies is very rare constituting < 1% of all breast malignancies [1, 2]. This low prevalence may be due to the scarcity of lymphoid tissue in the breast tissue. Breast hematological diseases can occur as primary or secondary. Secondary hematological diseases of the breast are more common and more diagnosed because of the history of hematological malignancy. The diagnosis of primary involvement is very difficult due to its rarity, nonspecific imaging findings, and radiological features which
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