Breast – conserving Surgery in Early – Stage Triple – Negative Breast Cancer: Is There a Higher Risk of Locoregional Recurrence?

Abstract

SummaryIntroduction.Triple- negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis and high risk of locoregional recurrence (LRR).Aim of the Study.Is to examine the impact of type of surgery on locoregional recurrence in women with early- stage invasive triplenegative breast cancer (TNBC).Materials and Methods.A total of 68 women with stage I- II (T1N0M0, T2N0M0, T1N1M0, or T2N1M0) invasive, unifocal TNBC with hitologically tumor- free surgical margins were included. Patients were stratified into two groups according to surgical treatment, breast- conserving therapy (BCT) in 36 of 68 patients versus mastectomy in 32 of 68 patients. The two common founder mutations in BRCA1 (4153delA and 5382insC) in Latvia were tested using a multiplex- specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR) assay. Clinicopathological data and survival outcomes were analyzed.Results.There were no statistically significant differences in relation to age, stage, tumor size, histological type, tumor grade and nodal status between two groups. 24 patients (77.4%) in the mastectomy group and 27(75%) patients in the BCT group received chemotherapy, these difference was not statistically significant. 10(32.2%) of 32 patients in the mastectomy group and 34(94%) of 36 patients in the BCT group received postoperative radiation (P< 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference noted in rates of distant metastases (5 cases (16.1%) in the mastectomy group versus 4 cases (11.1%) in the BCT group; P < 0.725)). A higher proportion of patients in the BCT group experienced locoregional recurrence compared with patients in the mastectomy group (3 cases (8.3%) versus 0 case (0%), respectively), but this did not reach statistical significance (P< 0.241). It was found that the tumor histology, grade, age at presentation and BRCA1 mutation status were not significant predictors of local recurrence. There was no significant difference in 5- year breast cancer- related survival between two groups (P>0.05).Conclusions.Patients after BCT have a higher locoregional recurrence rates compared to mastectomy, but this did not reach statistical significance. According to our study data BCT is not a contraindication in the TNBC.