Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease at both the histological and molecular levels. The current model of breast tumorigenesis suggests that the normal mammary stem cell and the various progenitors that arise thereof can be transformed and generate lineage-restricted tumor phenotypes. This model is supported by observations that the different subtypes of breast cancer share transcriptional signatures intrinsic to normal components of the mammary epithelium. This chapter aims to review seminal studies that allowed the isolation and characterization of both normal and cancer-associated breast cancer stem cells, to describe the link between cellular ancestry and subtype-specific cancer stem cells, and to discuss therapeutic challenges directly resulting from cellular plasticity and stem-cell like phenotypes in human breast cancer.
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