Breast cancer screening program for risk groups: facts and perspectives.

Carla Andréia Vilanova Marques,Elisabeth Níglio De Figueiredo,Maria Gaby Rivero De Gutiérrez

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0050

Carla Andréia Vilanova Marques, Elisabeth Níglio De Figueiredo + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0050

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Abstract

to measure the frequency and compliance of breast cancer screening, according to the risk for this disease. a cross-sectional study with 950 female users of 38 public Primary Health Care services in São Paulo, between October and December 2013. According to UHS criteria, participants were grouped into high risk and standard risk, and frequency, association (p≤0.05), and screening compliance were measured. 6.7% had high risk and 93.3% standard risk, respectively; in these groups, the frequency and compliance of clinical breast examination were 40.3% and 37.1%, and 43.5% and 43.0% (frequency p=0.631, compliance p=0.290). Mammograms were 67.7% and 35.5% for participants at high risk, and 57.4% and 25.4% for those at standard risk (frequency p=0.090, compliance p=0.000). in the groups, attendance and conformity of the clinical breast exam were similar; for mammography, it was higher in those at high risk, with assertiveness lower than the 70% set in UHS.

Highlights

Breast cancer has become a global challenge to the health care system as it affects women and families, with a prevalence rate of 24.2% and a mortality rate of 15%(1)
In order to control this scenario, efforts should be directed to health promotion, early detection through mammography (MMG) combined or not with clinical breast examination (CBE), and the offer of timely treatment(6-7)
This document recommended for high-risk users that CBE and MMG be performed annually, starting at 35 years of age, while for the others, annual CBE starting at 40 years of age and biennial MMG starting at 50 years of age, performed by Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals(8)

Summary

Introduction

Breast cancer has become a global challenge to the health care system as it affects women and families, with a prevalence rate of 24.2% and a mortality rate of 15%(1). In Brazil, except for skin cancer, breast cancer is more frequent in women and has an increasing mortality rate(1-2). It is considered a non-communicable disease (NCD), and the etiology of the tumor is multifactorial in most cases(3-5). The high-risk criteria for breast cancer included: the presence of a personal history of breast cancer or proliferative breast lesion with atypia or lobular neoplasm in situ; a history among first-degree relatives of male breast cancer or bilateral cases of this tumor in women at any age or a unilateral occurrence of this disease at an age under 50 years or of ovarian cancer(8). This document recommended for high-risk users that CBE and MMG be performed annually, starting at 35 years of age, while for the others, annual CBE starting at 40 years of age and biennial MMG starting at 50 years of age, performed by Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals(8)

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