Abstract
Pharmacogenetic research has the potential to identify appropriate individualized therapeutic regimens based upon a patient’s genetic makeup. Numerous genetic variants that may modify the effects of drugs commonly used to treat breast cancer have been examined; however, current evidence is insufficient to support the clinical utility of any of these markers. Recent research in breast cancer pharmacogenetics has included genes in drug metabolism, oxidative stress, DNA repair, and other pathways, and outcome after breast cancer chemotherapy. Studies have also addressed the basis for taxane-induced neurotoxicity and aromatase inhibitor-induced musculoskeletal symptoms. For tamoxifen, despite promising results from previous studies for a role of CYP2D6 genotypes in predicting breast cancer recurrence, data from two prospective randomized trials have not supported these findings. Genome-wide approaches based on large prospective randomized trials have the potential to greatly elucidate the genomic basis for optimizing drug efficacy and reducing toxicity.
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